monetary forces in producing deflation in the second and final quarters of the fourteenth century, but severe inflation in … deflations and intervening inflation – were the most powerful determinant of the level of real wages (i.e., in terms of the …’ by the post-Plague inflation, so that real wages fell. Conversely, the rise of real wages in the second quarter of the …

either England or Flanders, but was instead followed by a quarter century of falling real wages, because rampant inflation … craftsmen in Bruges; but by the 1480s, when inflation was far more serious in Flanders than in England, that gap had narrowed to …

about 50% of the Flemish; but by the 1480s, they had narrowed that gap (with much less inflation) to about 80%. That gap was …

This paper presents an analysis of real wages, inflation and labour productivity interrelationships using cointegration … effect of inflation on manufacturing sector productivity have limited statistical significance. Granger causality test … results suggest that real wages and inflation both Granger-cause productivity in the long run. …