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Any negotiation involves multiple elements, which, by their dynamics, influence its conduct and outcome: object, context, stake, balance of power, strategy and tactics. Knowledge and effective use of these elements are essential to the success of the negotiator, being largely determined by the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011259772
How did modern and centralized fiscal institutions emerge? We develop a model that explains (i) why pre-industrial states relied on private individuals to collect taxes; (ii) why after 1600 both England and France moved from competitive methods for collecting revenues to allocating the right to...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011258689
Created by the Hungarian Minister of Instruction and Religion in an attempt to depopulate the Universities of Hungary from the big number of auditors, the Romanian Era of the Law Academy of Oradea began with two academic years , 1919 – 1920 and 1920 – 1921, of transition from the Hungarian...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011259817
, health care, education, interest and transfers to corporations. During the last two decades, Dutch public expenditure … decline. However, also the expenditure on various other functions, like transfers to corporations, interest, defence and … interest rate have boosted the increase in public expenditure. As a percentage of GDP, public expenditure increased from nearly …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011259975
One of the consequences of major regulatory reform of the telecommunications sector from the end of the 1970s – particularly, privatization, liberalization and deregulation – was the establishment of a new business environment which permitted former national telecommunications monopolies to...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009283796
The relationship between public expenditure and aggregate income has long been debated in economic literature. According to Wagner, expenditure is an endogenous factor or an outcome. On the other hand, Keynes considered public expenditure as an exogenous factor to be used as a policy instrument...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008694002
Wagner’s Law is the first model of public spending in the history of public finance. The aim of this article is to assess its empirical evidence in Italy for the period 1960-2008 at a disaggregated level, using a time-series approach. After a brief introduction, a survey of the economic...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008694030
The number of migrants from conflict regions in Africa has been increasing dramatically. The European Union shares dual responsibility for the continuing migration pressure: First, because they fostered over decades corrupt and autocratic regimes with dire disregard to principles of ‘good...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005789935
The late Prof. Hans Van Werveke, in two very contentious articles, had contended that the monetary policies of Count Lodewijk van Male (Louis de Male) ‘had checked, for some time at least, the decay of the Flemish cloth industry’ by allowing its industrial entrepreneurs (weaver-drapers) to...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005790245
November 2006 even strengthened this policy of exclusion. Yet, well adapted immigration regulations would serve the interest of …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005790377