This study establishes necessary conditions for Almost Stochastic Dominance criteria of various orders. These conditions take the form of restrictions on algebraic combinations of moments of the probability distributions in question. The relevant set of conditions depends on the relevant order...

This paper first extends the theory of almost stochastic dominance (ASD) to the first four orders. We then establish some equivalent relationships for the first four orders of the ASD. Using these results, we prove formally that the ASD definition modified by Tzeng et al.\ (2012) does not...

This paper establishes some equivalent relationships for the first three orders of the almost stochastic dominance (ASD). Using these results, we first prove formally that the ASD definition modified by Tzeng et al. (2012) does not possess any hierarchy property. Thereafter, we conclude that...

Optimism bias is a consistent feature associated with truck toll forecasts, à la Standard & Poor’s and the NCHRP synthesis reports. Given the persistent problem, two major sources of this bias are explored. In particular, the ignorance of operating cost as a demand-side factor and lack of...

A social network has been used to simulate how agents of different levels of risk aversion under different circumstances behave in financial markets when deciding between risk-free and a risky asset. This is done by a discrete time version evolutionary game of risk-loving and risk-averse agents....

In this paper we analize the consistency of financial indexes and the ordering of investments based on the mean-variance and the stochastic dominance (SD) approaches. We take 47 mutual funds from the Chilean financial market in order to compute several algorithms that enable us to verify...

Leshno and Levy (2002) extend stochastic dominance (SD) theory to almost stochastic dominance (ASD) for {\it most} decision makers. When comparing any two prospects, Guo, et al.\ (2013) find that there will be ASD relationship even there is only very little difference in mean, variance,...

An alternative theoretical setting is presented to characterise the money demand and the monetary equilibrium. Two main hypotheses are stated that contradict the assumptions normally sustained by scholars and policy-makers: National output is assumed to be a random variable, and people are...

In a world characterized by the occurrence of uncontrollable and extreme events investors are often required to make decisions on the basis of the available information. The challenge they face is how to manipulate these information sets in order to get what can lead them to the optimal...

Method discounting cash flow (DCF) is analyzed in the article. Article is demonstrating complete economic insolvency DCF. The fallacy of discounting method causes serious distortion of the results. It’s wide usage entails negative consequences not only for the concrete investor, but also for...