In the 17th and 18th centuries, relations between the European states had a relatively predictable evolution. They were … almost insignificant, throughout the 17th century, first in France then in other states, the European monarchs built an ever … more specialised diplomatic system. The tools for the new external policy of the European states became more diverse. If at …

I test Bates' view that trade across ecological divides promoted the development of states in pre-colonial Africa. My … main result is that sub-Saharan societies in ecologically diverse environments had more centralized pre-colonial states. I … have caused states, and find that trade supported class stratification between rulers and ruled. …

India’s states. In this paper, we bridge this gap in research by looking at India’s services growth at the sub … distribution. The first interesting finding is that even as per capita income is not converging across India’s states, per capita … richer states. This suggests that the benefits from services growth are being distributed more widely than may be perceived. …

Survey (NSS) and other official statistics, more particularly by major states. Many of them also highlighted theoretical and … operational difficulties in existing policy strategies for only major states. Alternatively, this study emphasized key issues and … provided evidences based Indian Human Development Survey (2004-05) for all the Indian states and major socio-economic groups …

idiosyncratic subsectors and states, and systematic dierences distinguishing the OM from OP. …

industries with higher fixed capital and bigger factory sizes tend to grow slower in states with lower penetration of banking …. More importantly, the findings testify that financial development of states tends to overwhelm their financial structure in …