drug imitator. The low-income country chooses whether to enforce an International Patent Regime (strict IPR) or not (weak … IPR) and the high-income country chooses whether to allow parallel imports (PI) of on-patent drugs or market based … up the efficiency issue of implementing TRIPS and at the same time allowing international exhaustion of patent rights. …

-national spaces in patent applications is found to be limited to just two to three regions or countries. Regionally, West India, North … India and South India mostly dominated the patenting activities during 1990‒2010. The patent performance is highly … patent applications filed in India in the study period. Empirical analysis further emphasized that states patenting …