This paper examines how energy-output ratios in Fiji have responded to the energy crises and in particular if they have declined after the shocks. The expectation is that energy efficiency should improve after the oil shocks. For this purpose we used at first a few simpler procedures and then...

This is an invited discussion on the Manne and Richels’ paper “The Kyoto Protocol: A Cost-Effective Strategy for Meeting Environmental Objective”. It focuses on four issues or questions: distributional realities of the international climate change negotiations, correspondence between...

Economic theory suggests that refined and crude oil prices should be interrelated as the refined products are a derivative of the crude product and hence the prices of the two categories must have a long run relationship. However any short term feedbacks between the two markets are also of...

There are sectors of agriculture, manufacturing processes where conventional power is indispensable, although it may be more savings and better managed. Agricultural production consumes large amounts of conventional energy, especially oil to the normal process flow results more or less efficient...

Strategic plans in the energy sector have the overall objective of the use of renewable energy, especially wind power, hydroelectricity, biomass intending a considerable increase in the share it has in total energy production. Thus, chase is moving towards an economy based on low carbon...

The expansion of wind-generation in the United States poses significant challenges to policy-makers, particularly because wind’s intermittency and unpredictability can exacerbate problems of congestion on a transmission constrained grid. Understanding these issues is necessary if optimal...

The expansion of wind-generation in the United States poses significant challenges to policy-makers, particularly because wind’s intermittency and unpredictability can exacerbate problems of congestion on a transmission constrained grid. Understanding these issues is necessary if optimal...

The main objective of this paper is to analyze the behavior of the term structure of the WTI futures market between 2002 and 2009, period known by a sustained price rise followed by a price slump and again by a new price rise. To achieve this goal, we use Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to...

Nach den starken Zuwächsen in den vergangenen Jahren ist die Gründungsdynamik im Bereich der Energiegenossenschaften im Jahr 2014 zum Erliegen gekommen. Zum Ablauf des Jahres 2014 waren 973 Energiegenossenschaften in den Genossenschaftsregistern eingetragen. Insgesamt wurden im Jahr 2014 66...

This article reports the results of a laboratory experiment that examines the strategic effect of forward contracts on market power in infinitely repeated duopolies. Two competing effects motivate the experimental design. Allaz and Vila (1993) argue that forward markets act like additional...