.g. from terms-of-trade effects, tariff revenue changes and intersectoral input-output linkages. The simulation analysis … considers four distinct trade integration scenarios, which are based upon the agreed tariff reduction modalities and differ in …

controlling trade practices. Chapter 3 describes trade control measures in terms of tariff measures, price controls, financial … through direct export policies, tariff-induced biases against exports, and exchange rate policies affecting the international …

context of tariffs and pricing. National standards are set against the background of European legislation and the activities … of the Energy Regulatory Office. The thesis is that the tariffs concerning distribution should be approved by the … article. However, the tariffs concerning selling should be free from confirmation even for households because this is a …

international trade. By imposing tariffs and quotas and altering the structure of the home market from one of perfect competition to … efficiency effects of import tariffs and quotas. …

This paper analyzes the impact of an ethanol import tariff in conjunction with a consumption mandate and tax credit. A … tax credit alone acts as a subsidy to ethanol producers, equally benefiting exporters like Brazil. If an import tariff is … imposed to offset the tax credit, world prices of ethanol decline by less than the tariff (unless oil prices are unaffected …

against non-tariff protection from developed countries. The developing countries constitute for a four-fifths in the WTO, only …

This paper establishes relationships between static Nash equilibria and dynamic Markov perfect equilibria of tariff and … quota retaliation games. In supermodular games where tariffs are strategic complements, the steady state of every, symmetric … Markov perfect equilibrium must have lower tariffs than in the static equilibrium. If tariffs are strategic substitutes …