In this article we discuss the fundamentals of pricing of the popular financial instruments. The basic point of our approach is to extend the present value benchmark concept. The present value valuation approach plays the similar role as The Newton Laws in the Classic Mechanics. Thus our primary...

Looking at the valuation of a swap when funding costs and counterparty risk are neglected (i.e., when there is a unique risk free discounting curve), it is natural to ask "What is the discounting curve of a swap in the presence of funding costs, counterparty risk and/or collateralization". In...

This paper presents an axiomatization of residual income, aka excess profit, and illustrates how it may univocally engenders fixed-income or variable-income assets. In the first part it is shown that, depending on the relations between excess profit and the investor's excess wealth, a...

This paper investigates features of credit risk using non-parametric techniques, studying determinants of risk premia using a non-parametric term-structure model of the corporate spread. The model, which measures the extra return of defaultable corporate bonds on their government counterparts,...

This paper studies determinants of risk premia using a non-parametric term-structure model of the corporate spread. The model, which measures the extra return of defaultable corporate bonds on their government counterparts, involves the rate of inflation, a key macroeconomic variable that is...

We put forward a new option pricing formula based on the notion that people tend to think by analogies and comparisons. The new formula differs from the Black Scholes formula due to the appearance of a parameter in the formula that captures the risk premium on the underlying. The new formula,...

Once upon a time there was a classical financial world in which all the Libors were equal. Standard textbooks taught that simple relations held, such that, for example, a 6 months Libor Deposit was replicable with a 3 months Libor Deposits plus a 3x6 months Forward Rate Agreement (FRA), and that...

We review the main changes in the interbank market after the financial crisis started in August 2007. In particular, we focus on the fixed income market and we analyse the most relevant empirical evidences regarding the divergence of the existing basis between interbank rates with different...