In this paper, we made an attempt to understand the costs and benefits of democracy for economic growth in Pakistan by … analyzing the relationship between democracy and its various measures. Using instrumental variables and RALS (rth …-order autoregressive least squares) estimation techniques, it is shown that during the period 1972-2005, there is only a tenuous and …

There are two innovations in the paper as compared to the previous literature on democracy and growth. First, we … consider not only the level of democracy, but also changes in this level in the 1970s-1990s as measured by increments of … Freedom House political rights indices. Second, the distinction is made between democracy and law and order (order based on …

level of democracy is taken into account, but also changes in this level in the 1970s-1990s as measured by the political … rights indices of the Freedom House. Second, the distinction is made between the rule of law and democracy, the rule of law …