Bitcoin is a digital cryptocurrency that has attracted substantial interest in recent years from the general people, profit seekers, risk takers, academic practitioners and last but not the least, from economists. Most recently, particularly, after 2015, it has succeeded to gain even more...

Developments in the information and communication technologies have been causing significant changes on the working mechanisms of the economy both at the national and international areas. Some of the developments can be indicated as follows: the dramatic increasing of capital movements amongst...

This work exposes the nature of electronic money and analyses the development potential of the French experience Moneo. Our study shows the unsufficient capacity of the model itself to reach 500 million transactions, seen as a mature market.

Developments in the information and communication technologies have been causing significant changes on the working mechanisms of the economy both at the national and international areas. Some of the developments can be indicated as follows: the dramatic increasing of capital movements amongst...

Electronic money has ushered in the cashless banking framework across different countries of the world and this is made possible by the advances in information technology and invention that began in Japan and later the West. However this new introduction into the various economies of the world...

The article describes the work undertaken by the BIS in 1998 and earlier on "electronic money". (Annotated text, based on a presentation made at the Conference "on "Trends in Electronic Commerce", Hamburg, Germany, 8th June 1998", published at the time at vsis-www.informatik.uni-hamburg.de;...

The 2007+ credit crunch and economic crisis put European governments in severe debt, with talk about a Greek partial default. It also put the European banks into a zombie condition, while under Basel III the capital requirement rises from 8% to 10.5% (which requirement does not cover public debt...

Indeed, the specification of equilibrium in the world economy depends on the exchange rate regime and thus, the early contributions to the postwar literature on exchange rate economics are to a large extent concerened with the role of speculation in foreign exchange markets. However, the world...

The rules of the Eurozone cause the euro to function as the gold standard. The US economy performs better in some respects, partly because of the advantages of fiat money. The treaty on the EMU has to be adapted in order not to become dependent upon current ad hoc measures, with the loss of...

This paper is to provide literature review on traditional financial system classification and offer and alternative classification of financial systems. Conventional wisdom holds that there are basically 2 types of financial systems – bank-based and market-based. But modern research points to...