Ken Arrow (1998) asks, “What has economics to say about racial discrimination?” He replies – entirely correctly – that … by economic theory, but “the hypothesis of employer discrimination does not at all explain segregation by occupation … to discriminate. Economic theory is, therefore, endogenously color-blind, race-blind, gender-blind, ethnicity-blind, and …

discrimination, the conceptual reach of economic theory needs extension. I propose a generalization by assigning non … discrimination. …

The extent to which discrimination can explain racial wage gaps is one of the most divisive subjects in the social …, provides a lower bound on the extent of discrimination in the labor market. Taken at face value, our estimates imply that … workers, but learn about their marginal product over time. However, we cannot rule out other forms of discrimination …

of discrimination. …