Introduction Industrial holding companies continue to play an important role in the development of many Western style economies. These institutions take a wide variety of forms to accomplish their principal objective, namely the control and management of multi‐company systems which normally...

Product development problems in many organizations appear to stem from the basic dilemma of all innovators, namely the extent to which the product change process can be successfully formalized by the erection of organizational and planning structures. Invariably the complex range of endogenous...

Against a background of little published information on the strategies of East European producers, this article examines some of the overall objectives of such trade and offers a partial test of their effectiveness in one market area. Based on an empirical study undertaken for two car producers,...