Unauthorized subcontracting — when suppliers outsource part of their production to a third party without the retailer's consent — has been common practice in the apparel industry and is often tied to non-compliant working conditions. Because retailers are unaware of the third party, the...

We develop a theory that shows signaling a firm's fundamental quality (e.g., its operational capabilities) to lenders through inventory transactions to be more efficient---it leads to less costly operational distortions---than signaling through loan requests, and we characterize how the...

We consider duopoly models where firms make decisions on capacity, production, and price under demand uncertainty. Capacity and price decisions are made, respectively, ex ante and ex post demand realizations. The interplay between the timings of demand realization and production decision endows...

This paper presents a new method, called the batch quantile method, for estimating quantiles in regenerative simulations. The quantile estimator is consistent and asymptotically normal, and the method can be easily implemented and does not require prior knowledge of the range of values the data...