We study the evolution of the social norm of "cooperation" in a dynamic environment. Each agent lives for two periods … completely drives equilibrium play, leading to a social norm of high or low cooperation. In intermediate cases, the impact of … leverage their greater visibility to influence expectations of future agents and overturn social norms of low cooperation. We …

We introduce the possibility of direct punishment by specialized enforcers into a model of community enforcement … specialized enforcement technology is sufficiently effective, cooperation is best sustained by a "single enforcer punishment … themselves are disciplined (at least in part) by community enforcement. The reason why there is no community enforcement …

We propose a model of cycles of distrust and conflict. Overlapping generations of agents from two groups sequentially … a sequence of bad actions originated. Assuming that both sides are not extremists, spirals of distrust and conflict get … this mechanism can be useful in interpreting cycles of ethnic conflict and international war, and how it also emerges in …