This paper demonstrates through a formal model how the wealth effect created by a stock market boom leads to the expansion of demand and output mostly through debt-financed private consumption. However, inherent in this expansion is the threat of a subsequent contraction caused by the rising...

A cross-country regression relating the relative price level to the relative GDP level is statistically significant and stable over time. Price and GDP levels for EU member countries tend to gravitate to that line. The conclusion that there is a shorter-term trade-off between fast real...