We study the relationship between gender diversity on boards and corporate social irresponsibility (CSI). We hypothesize a bi-directional causality. Firms exposed to CSI incidents are likely to increase their board gender diversity for reputational purposes. At the same time, board gender...

Using Barney's (2018) stakeholder perspective of resource-based theory (SRBT), we arguethat bondholders represent the ultimate fixed claimants who value corporate socialresponsibility (CSR) in relation to the firms' risk. Bondholders' returns and the stakeholders'interests are aligned when firms...