This article studies whether the returns to postsecondary education depend on the pattern of the educational career for the United States. Compared to Germany, American adults participate more frequently in postsecondary education and their educational careers are to a larger degree...

This paper studies gender differences in formal adult education – an instrument argued to be essential for labor market adaptation in response to dramatic institutional changes in Russia’s transition to a liberalized market economy. Results suggest that women faced disadvantages in...

Labour market returns to qualifications gained through formal adult education are important both from the individual and societal point of view. This article examines the long-term labour market returns to new qualifications obtained by mature graduates in Finland. Using full-population register...

Can participation in job-related training foster adults' general skills such as numeracy? Although job-related training is typically designed to foster job- and firm-specific skills, cross-sectional evidence suggests that it may also foster general skills. However, a positive cross-sectional...