of low-carbon energy innovation. These include both improvements in physical capital, such as smart grids to aid … document recent trends in energy innovation and discuss the lessons learnt for policy. We then discuss the potential role for … complementary innovation in both physical capital--using smart grids as an example of how policy can help--and human capital, where …

pace of technology diffusion and education, but also to the level of product market regulation (competition) and employment … find that on average employment shares have increased in occupations more exposed to AI. This is particularly the case for … Technological Change theory. While there exists heterogeneity across countries, only very few countries show a decline in employment …

The paper studies a typical state-level education finance equalization scheme, and considers two questions. First, what … fraction of state education aid is spent on schools? And second, does increased educational funding for historically low … that 50 to 75 cents of each dollar of education aid were spent on schools. Estimates also suggest that increased spending …