limits bind those older middle-income households who started their pension savings programs late in life, those who plan to …

The proportion of workers covered by pensions has increased very substantially over the past two or three decades, and … in particular the number of older workers with pensions continues to increase. During the same period,and especially in … related. This paper examines the incentive effects of private pensions. We find that the provisions of pension plans provide …

The Federal Government is actively involved in encouraging the formation and growth of private pensions and in … regulating their behavior. The primary form of encouragement is the government's tax subsidization of pensions. A primary … private pensions appears to reflect its desire that workers have a secure source of old age income which will lessen their …