sample of four emerging small open economies: Argentina, Ecuador, Venezuela, and Brazil. We postulate a stochastic volatility …

comprehensive administrative data to quantify the efficiency cost of increases in potential UI duration in Brazil. We find evidence … cost is also lower in labor markets with higher informality within Brazil. This is because formal reemployment rates are …

enhancing political and judiciary accountability. We do so in the context of Brazil's anti-corruption program, which randomly …

Italy, Brazil and then finally India. We also show that autonomous government schools (i.e. government funded but with …

implementing them. We focus on Brazil, which instituted five changes in its capital account regime in 2008-2011. Using the … synthetic control method, we construct counterfactuals (i.e., Brazil with no policy change) for each of these changes. We find … regarding the government's larger intentions and sensibilities. Brazil's left-of-center government's willingness to remove …

domestic oil production and develop alternative sources of energy. We examine the energy developments in Brazil as an important … experiment. Brazil has reduced its share of imported oil more than any other major economy in the world in the last 30 years …, from 70 percent in the 1970s to only 10 percent today. Brazil has largely achieved this goal by: (1) increasing domestic …