empirical study of patent citation data, this paper adds to the literature on returns to energy R&D by focusing on the behavior …

patent citations to compare the social value of alternative energy research to other types of R&D that may be crowded out … climate R&D in two sectors - alternative energy and automotive manufacturing. Linking patent data and financial data by firm … patent citation data to compare the social value of alternative energy patents to other patents by these firms. Alternative …

semiparametric fixed-effects Tobit model, we regress patent counts on a series of policy variables within a state and a spatially …

The impacts of two recent changes in US patent policy depend on the length of time it takes for an invention to go … debates. We use data on U.S. patent applications and grants to determine the factors influencing the length of the patent … examination process. We augment this analysis with interviews of patent examiners, leading to a better understanding of the …

This paper uses patent citation data to study flows of knowledge across time and across institutions in the field of … of the accumulated knowledge available to inventors. Patent citations are used to represent this quality. This paper …

combines plant-level data on U.S. coal-fired electric power plants with patent data pertaining to NOx pollution control …

Using patent data from the United States, Japan, and Germany, this paper examines both the innovation and diffusion of … regulations later nonetheless purchase pollution abatement equipment from domestic firms. However, patent citation data from the U …

, droughts and flooding on the innovation of their respective mitigation technologies. Using patent and disaster data, our study …