combine data on employment and earnings in two-digit manufacturing industries for U.S. border cities with data on employment …

A new lifecycle of women's employment emerged with cohorts born in the 1950s. For prior cohorts, lifecycle employment … new lifecycle of employment is initially high and flat, there is a dip in the middle and a phasing out that is more … and greater labor force recovery for those who take paid or unpaid leave. Increased employment of women in their older …

cohorts. It would appear that employment at older ages could stagnate or even decrease. But several other factors will be …

Even before the Great Recession, U.S. employment growth was unimpressive. Between 2000 and 2007, the economy gave back … the considerable gains in employment rates it had achieved during the 1990s, with major contractions in manufacturing … employment being a prime contributor to the slump. The U.S. employment "sag" of the 2000s is widely recognized but poorly …

, when detectable, result from the even faster declines in employment …