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Beginning around 1880, public health issues and engineering advances spurred the installation of city water and sewer systems. As part of this growth, many cities chose to use lead service pipes to connect residences to city water systems. This choice had negative consequences for child...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012778250
This paper presents a synopsis of recent NBER studies of the history of corporate governance in Canada, China, France …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012754560
mining deposits is associated with bigger firms and fewer start-ups in the middle of the 20th century. We use mines as an … cold and warm regions alike and in industries that are not directly related to mining, such as trade, finance and services …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013065603
The government contracts with a foreign firm to extract a natural resource that requires an upfront investment and which faces price uncertainty. In states where profits are high, there is a likelihood of expropriation, which generates a social cost that increases with the expropriated value. In...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012759601
of increasing safety rather than production. We study the U.S. metals mining sector, leveraging exogenous demand shocks …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012860447
damage. As expected, when the environmental damage from mining is known, the socially optimal timing will depend on the … mining until better information arrives. We show conditions under which it is optimal to postpone the mining decision … marginal mine owner is completely indifferent between mining immediately and at any point in the future. Thus, for our problem …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013019516
We provide new evidence of one channel through which circular labor migration has long run effects on origin communities: by raising completed human capital of the next generation. We estimate the net effects of migration from Malawi to South African mines using newly digitized Census and...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012997877
The Catholic Church has been making saints for centuries, typically in a two-stage process featuring beatification and canonization. We analyze determinants of rates of beatification and canonization (for non-martyrs) over time and across six world regions. The research uses a recently assembled...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013130549
Trends in BMI values are estimated by centiles of the US adult population by birth cohorts 1886-1986 stratified by ethnicity. The highest centile increased by some 18 to 22 units in the course of the century while the lowest ones increased by merely 1 to 3 units. Hence, the BMI distribution...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013139523
The introduction of the direct reduction (fully-amortized) loan contract to the U.S. residential mortgage market is an important instance of financial innovation. We describe the adoption of this contract within the building and loan (B&L) industry beginning in the 1880s and culminating in the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013100674