, however, is that there seem to be certain "threshold" levels of financial and institutional development that an economy needs …

international monetary framework was responsible for the relatively short-lived and mild nature of pre-World War I financial crises …

. However, they are likely to have a more prominent role in trade policy discussions in the years ahead for the new World Trade …

for the United States but also with reference to the wider world. We establish the outlines of international integration a … century ago and analyze the institutional and informational impediments that prevented the late nineteenth century world from … achieving the same degree of integration as today. We conclude that the world today is different: commercial and financial …

cross country comparison in the post World War II period of 84 countries arrayed from very low to very high per capita …

of both advanced and emerging countries during two periods of globalization -- the pre-World War I classical gold …

globalization that goes back to the 1870s may end in turmoil just like the first wave which ended after World War I. It is too soon … across the world after the crisis. This suggests either a pause in the pace of integration or more likely a slowing down …