contrast to the quot;privatization premiumquot; found in earlier work, we find a negative effect of government ownership on …, suggesting that personal ties can substitute for the benefits of government ownership. The quot;privatization discountquot; is … with relatively high welfare payments to employees, which presumably would fall with privatization, benefit …

We examine the effect of regime change on privatization using the 2004 election surprise in India. The pro-reform BJP … slated for definite privatization by the BJP dropped by 3.5 percent relative to private firms. Surprisingly, government …-controlled companies that were only under study for possible privatization fell by 7.5 percent relative to private firms. We interpret this …

which Northern innovation, Southern imitation, and FDI are all endogenous. Our model predicts that IPR reform in the South …, Northern resources will be reallocated to Ramp;D, driving an increase in the global rate of innovation. We test the model …