themselves may be unable to commit to not providing greater compensation to employees who distort their effots to improve …

empirical study of patent citation data, this paper adds to the literature on returns to energy R&D by focusing on the behavior …

patent citations to compare the social value of alternative energy research to other types of R&D that may be crowded out … climate R&D in two sectors - alternative energy and automotive manufacturing. Linking patent data and financial data by firm … patent citation data to compare the social value of alternative energy patents to other patents by these firms. Alternative …

semiparametric fixed-effects Tobit model, we regress patent counts on a series of policy variables within a state and a spatially …

The impacts of two recent changes in US patent policy depend on the length of time it takes for an invention to go … debates. We use data on U.S. patent applications and grants to determine the factors influencing the length of the patent … examination process. We augment this analysis with interviews of patent examiners, leading to a better understanding of the …

In 1839, the French government purchased the patent on the Daguerreotype process and" placed it in the public domain … patent buy-outs could eliminate monopoly" price distortions and incentives for wasteful reverse engineering, while raising … private incentives" for original research closer to their social value. However, patent buy-outs are potentially" vulnerable …

This paper uses patent citation data to study flows of knowledge across time and across institutions in the field of … of the accumulated knowledge available to inventors. Patent citations are used to represent this quality. This paper …