existence of strong patent laws encourage innovation? And 2) May patent laws influence the direction - as opposed to the rate … to address problems with the current patent system: 3) How do patent pools, as a mechanism to mitigate litigation risks …

Patent pools, which allow competing firms to combine their patents, have emerged as a prominent mechanism to resolve …

empirical study of patent citation data, this paper adds to the literature on returns to energy R&D by focusing on the behavior …

Patent pools allow a group of firms to combine their patents as if they were a single firm. Theoretical models predict …

Members of a patent pool agree to use a set of patents as if they were jointly owned by all members and license them as … the first patent pool in U.S. history, the Sewing Machine Combination (1856-1877) to perform the first empirical test of … the effects of a patent pool on innovation. Contrary to theoretical predictions, the sewing machine pool appears to have …

patent citations to compare the social value of alternative energy research to other types of R&D that may be crowded out … climate R&D in two sectors - alternative energy and automotive manufacturing. Linking patent data and financial data by firm … patent citation data to compare the social value of alternative energy patents to other patents by these firms. Alternative …

semiparametric fixed-effects Tobit model, we regress patent counts on a series of policy variables within a state and a spatially …

by a patent. The count of later patents that cite a patent as relevant prior art – so called forward citations – have …

of patent-owners – discourages invention. Our analysis exploits new historical data on German patents to examine the …

The impacts of two recent changes in US patent policy depend on the length of time it takes for an invention to go … debates. We use data on U.S. patent applications and grants to determine the factors influencing the length of the patent … examination process. We augment this analysis with interviews of patent examiners, leading to a better understanding of the …