replicating the observed levels of volatility of unemployment and other key variables. I take variations in productivity growth … market are essential for understanding the volatility of unemployment. These models include simple equilibrium wage … of the three models match the observed volatility of unemployment …

innovative and unchanged products is developed and estimated using comparable firm-level data from France, Germany, Spain and the …

central banks in the absence of any formal arrangements among their governments to limit exchange rate volatility. The … advocates of the proposals for change have made their assessment of the global costs of exchange rate volatility and (their …

price and wage rigidities to study four countries (the U.S., the U.K., Sweden, and Germany) during the financial crisis and … factors were also important in the U.K., but less so in Sweden and Germany. Reduced matching efficiency was considerably less … important in the U.K. and Sweden than in the U.S., but matching efficiency improved in Germany, helping to keep unemployment low …

focuses on three large Continental European countries: France, Germany, and Italy. These countries have large pay …