these claims. In this paper, we investigate the existence and importance of family welfare cultures in the context of Norway … welfare receipt across generations has created a culture in which welfare use reinforces itself through the family. Others …

Norway that allows us to precisely measure birth order effects on IQ using both cross-sectional and within-family methods … explains about 3% of the within-family variance of IQ. When we control for birth endowments, the estimated birth order effects … birth order effects occur because later-born children are more affected by family breakdown …

Norway and focuses on the effect of birth order on a range of health and health-related behaviors, outcomes not previously …

Among the perceived inputs in the production' of child quality is family size; there is an extensive theoretical … literature that postulates a tradeoff between child quantity and quality within a family. However, there is little causal … rich dataset that contains information on the entire population of Norway over an extended period of time and allows us to …

Norway and focuses on one family characteristic: the effect of family size on IQ. Because of the endogeneity of family size …, we instrument for family size using twin births and sex composition. IV estimates using sex composition as an instrument … show no negative effect of family size; however, IV estimates using twins imply that family size has a negative effect on …

We introduce a general framework to analyze the trade-off between education and family size. Our framework incorporates … parental preferences for birth order and delivers theoretically consistent birth order and family size effects on children …'s educational attainment. We develop an empirical strategy to identify these effects. We show that the coefficient on family size in …