The past 25 years has seen substantial change in the social safety nets for families with children in the US and Canada … declined in both countries with more of the decline coming through market income in the U.S. and benefit income in Canada …

significant increase in maternity leave mandates in Canada. We find very large increases in mothers' time away from work post …

, from other jurisdictions. This omission is particularly disturbing in the case of Canada, which now has some of the most … occupational gender segregation in Canada and its consequences for wages. The sample period precedes many provincial pay equity … penalties in female jobs in Canada are generally much smaller than the estimates for the United States. Although there is some …

and expansion of job-protected maternity leave in Canada. The substantial variation in leave entitlements across mothers …

The growing labor force participation of women with small children in both the U.S. and Canada has led to calls for …