We survey research on the relationship between technology and trade. We begin with the old literature, which treated … the state of technology as exogenous and asked how changes in technology affect the trade pattern and welfare. Recent … research and development. This allows one to examine not only how technology affects trade, but also how trade affects the …

claims regarding international technology transfer that underpin the current China-U.S. trade war …We study the economics of international joint ventures with administrative data for China exploiting the change in … foreign direct investment policy as China entered the WTO in the year 2002. Accounting for a quarter of all international …

Popular literature suggests a rapid narrowing of the technology gap between China and the U.S. based on large … (especially in sciences) in China in recent years. Little literature attempts to measure the technology gap directly using … the later reflect both differing factor endowments and technology parameters. This paper assesses changes in China …

factor costs, China's economic geography as it influences trade costs, as well as the degree of regional diversity in … welfare effects resulting from new technology and lower trade costs. Domestic trade frictions turn out to be substantial, far … from technology improvements and trade cost reductions. We find, however, that an important explanation for why there was a …

matters have received limited attention. This paper studies the impact of FDI via quid pro quo (technology for market access … joint venture network formation, overlapping customer bases, or direct technology transfer via market transactions as …

Despite the recent rapid development and greater openness of China's economy, FDI flows between China and … technologically advanced countries are relatively small in both directions. We assess global capital flows in light of China's quid … pro quo policy of exchanging market access for transfers of technology capital--accumulated know-how such as research and …

In this paper, we extend the growth model to include firm-specific technology capital and use it to assess the gains … from opening to foreign direct investment. A firm's technology capital is its unique know-how from investing in research … and development, brands, and organization capital. What distinguishes technology capital from other forms of capital is …

We estimate the effects of technology investments on the demand for skilled workers using longitudinally integrated … unobservable components within each business for each year from 1992 to 1997. We measure technology using variables from the Annual … between advanced technology and skill in a cross-sectional analysis of businesses in both sectors. The more comprehensive …

We introduce a tractable model of endogenous growth in which the returns to innovation are determined by the technology … adoption decisions of the users of new technologies. Technology adoption involves an implementation investment that determines … the initial productivity of a new technology. After implementation, learning increases the productivity of a technology to …

as they are used in the countries in our sample. We denote these time lags as technology usage lags and compare them with … lags in real GDP per capita. We find that (i) technology usage lags are large, often comparable to lags in real GDP per … they replace combined with the usage lags that we document, lead us to infer that technology usage disparities might …