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This paper considers the impact on trade of preferential arrangements in Europe since the 1950s. Using a first difference version of the gravity model, we find that the EC and EFTA altered the pattern of international trade. We also find evidence of trade diversion in several cases, notably that...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013224188
Recent proposals for enlarging the European Community to include the EFTA countries raise the question of whether the new members should participate in a European Monetary Union. In part, the issue hinges on the incidence of aggregate supply and demand disturbances. We use data on prices and...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013324014
Employing a wide range of individual-level surveys, we study the extent of cultural and institutional heterogeneity within the EU and how this changed between 1980 and 2008. We present several novel empirical regularities that paint a complex picture. While Europe has experienced both systematic...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012958587
Entering a currency union without any political union European countries have taken a gamble: will the needs of the currency union force a political integration (as anticipated by Monnet) or will the tensions create a backlash, as suggested by Kaldor, Friedman and many others? We try to answer...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013023682
This paper starts from two sets of facts about Continental Europe.The first is the steady increase in unemployment … larger increase since the mid-1980s. The paper then develops a model of capital accumulation, unemployment and factor prices …. Using this model to look at the data, it reaches two main conclusions: The initial increase in unemployment, from the mid …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014158147
European unemployment is widely regarded as a problem of excessive real wages. This view as it is usually expressed …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013218438
surprising miracle occurred the leaver nations are alleged to have enjoyed a burst of real growth and a decline in unemployment … pronounced if it were not for quiescent wage rates, which the paper attributes to high unemployment. The absence of any …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013219692
instance in youth versus adult wages, helped limit U.S. unemployment, other aspects, for instance regional wage, show no …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013220942
In countries where wages are primarily set by collective bargaining, the effects on unemployment of changes in the … relations. In this paper, we examine the role this quality of labor relations has played in the evolution of unemployment across … relations have experienced higher unemployment. This conclusion remains even after controlling for labor institutions …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013224217
U.S. macroeconomic evidence shows a negative relation between the rate of change of wages and unemployment. In contrast …, most theories of wage determination imply a negative relation between the level of wages and unemployment. In this paper … -- from real interest rates to oil prices to payroll taxes -- on the natural rate of unemployment …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013225129