of the population, its cause was unknown. Many contemporaries blamed the Jews. Cities all over Germany witnessed mass … indicator for medieval anti-Semitism. Pogroms during the Black Death are a strong and robust predictor of violence against Jews … higher deportation rates for Jews after 1933, were more likely to see synagogues damaged or destroyed in the 'Night of Broken …

towards intermarriage with Jews. At the same time, our empirical analysis also cautions against using intermarriage as a …

In the context of interwar Poland, we find that Jews tended to be more literate than non Jews, but show that this … finding is driven by a composition effect. In particular, most Jews lived in cities and most non-Jews lived in rural areas …

The exodus of Soviet Jews to Israel in the 1990s was a unique event. The extraordinary experience of Israel, which has …

The exodus of Soviet Jews to Israel in the 1990s was a unique event. The immigration wave was distinctive for its large …

We document a statistical association between the severity of the persecution and mass murder of Jews (the Holocaust …. Before World War II, Russian Jews were predominantly in white collar (middle class) occupations and the Holocaust appears to …