Commercializing knowledge involves transfer from discovering scientists to those who will develop it commercially. New … opportunities if high. Hence new knowledge remains naturally excludable and appropriable. Team production allows more knowledge … capture of tacit, complex discoveries by firm scientists. A robust indicator of a firm's tacit knowledge capture (and strong …

How large are spatial barriers to transferring knowledge? We analyze the international operations of multinational … firms to answer this fundamental question. In our model firms can transfer bits of knowledge to their foreign affiliates in … either embodied (traded intermediates) or disembodied form (direct communication). Knowledge transfer costs interact with the …

The rate of regional growth of new knowledge in the field of nanotechnology, as measured by counts of articles and … stocks of recorded knowledge in all scientific fields, and the extent to which tacit knowledge in all fields flows between … patenting. The data provide further support for the cumulative advantage model of knowledge production, and for ongoing efforts …

results shed some light on the potential effects of the internet revolution on knowledge-based industries …

, despite sustained progress in scientific knowledge, recent productivity growth in the U.S. has been disappointing. We review … growing division of labor between universities focusing on research and large corporations focusing on development. Knowledge … transformation of that knowledge into novel products and processes.Institutional subscribers to the NBER working paper series, and …

This paper studies localization of academic and industrial knowledge spillovers. Using data on U.S. Research and …

there is little evidence of geographically localized knowledge spillovers. In early industry" formation, star scientists … holding tacit knowledge required to practice recombinant DNA (genetic" engineering) were of great economic value, leading to …