issuance of common stock was negative due to repurchases. We assume that, in the absence of capital requirements, a bank has an … optimal capital structure that depends on its business model. Capital requirements can impose constraints on bank decisions …. If a bank's optimal capital structure also meets regulatory capital requirements with a sufficient buffer, the bank is …

We study a modification of the Diamond and Dybvig (1983) model in which the bank may hold a liquid asset, some … depositors see sunspots that could lead them to run, and all depositors have incomplete information about the bank's ability to … survive a run. The incomplete information means that the bank is not automatically incentivized to always hold enough liquid …

In this paper and the associated online database, we provide new data and measures of bank regulatory and supervisory … questions, including information on permissible bank activities, capital requirements, the powers of official supervisory … performance of banking systems. Since the underlying surveys are large and complex, we construct summary indices of key bank …

This paper uses our new database on bank regulation and supervision in 107 countries to assess the relationship between …) regulatory restrictions on bank activities and the mixing of banking and commerce; (ii) regulations on domestic and foreign bank … supervision and regulation of bank activities. The findings instead suggest that policies that rely on guidelines that (1) force …

-of-second-to-last-resort". Using daily supervisory bank balance sheet information, we find that U.S. GSIBs modestly increase their dollar liquidity … broker-dealer subsidiaries within the same bank holding company are crucial to this type of "reserve-draining" intermediation …