-specific quotas following China's entry into the World Trade Organization. Chinese import competition had two effects: first, it led …

to raise energy productivity, the amount plants can produce with each unit of energy. Treatment plants, after two years … error 7.3 percent). I assume that the treatment acted only through energy productivity to estimate the plant production … strongly to a productivity shock when plants can adjust these inputs …

This paper provides the first estimates of within-industry heterogeneity in energy and CO2 productivity for the entire … U.S. manufacturing sector. We measure energy and CO2 productivity as output per dollar energy input or per ton CO2 … emitted. Three findings emerge. First, within narrowly defined industries, heterogeneity in energy and CO2 productivity across …

) definition of aggregate productivity growth, which aggregates plant-level changes to changes in aggregate final demand in the … technologies, one for each 4-digit SIC code. On average we find positive aggregate productivity growth of 2.2% in this sector … for both the theoretical literature on growth and alternative indexes of aggregate productivity growth based only on …

. Long-run identifying restrictions are used to decompose productivity, hours, and output into technology shocks and non …

We measure the impact of a drastic new technology for producing steel - the minimill - on the aggregate productivity of … industry's productivity is linked to this new technology, and operates through two distinct mechanisms. First, minimills … third of the increase in the industry's productivity. Second, increased competition, due to the expansion of minimills …