effects of pregnancy and childbirth on women's ability to work, while the introduction of infant formula reduced mothers …

with birth order, since mothers near or beyond their desired total fertility are more likely to make use of the …Medical research indicates that breastfeeding suppresses post-natal fertility. We model the implications for … contraceptive properties of nursing. Second, given a preference for having sons, mothers with no or few sons want to conceive again …

Fertility decisions are often made by partners who may disagree. We develop a model in which conflicting interests … to further widen the spousal disagreement over fertility in environments where maternal health risk is high and … strongest among men with more urgent demand for children. Households treated with information on maternal risk experience a …

This paper investigates the impact of mothers' earnings on birth weight and gestational age of infants. It also … analyzes the impact of earnings on mothers' consumption of prenatal medical care, and their propensity to smoke and drink … mothers' earnings and employs a two-sample instrumental variables strategy. About 14 million records of births between 1989 …

two children with the same mother but where a parent of the mother died during one of the pregnancies--augmented with a …

sizeable among children born to mothers whose closest hospital had a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, suggest- ing that insurance … coverage under the Medicaid program over this period. Among teen mothers and high school dropouts, who were largely uninsured … in the health of infants, as measured by neonatal mortality. But the effect of eligibility on neonatal mortality is …

This paper examines the impact of New Deal relief programs on infant mortality, noninfant mortality and general … fertility rates in major U.S. cities between 1929 and 1940. We estimate the effects using a variety of specifications and … relief spending during the New Deal contributed to reductions in infant mortality, suicide rates, and some other causes of …

Much of Africa has not yet gone through a quot;demographic transitionquot; to reduced mortality and fertility rates …. The fact that the continent's countries remain mired in a Malthusian crisis of high mortality, high fertility, and rapid …, econometric estimation is complicated by endogeneity among fertility and other variables of interest. We attempt to improve …