domestic welfare through two channels. First, by reducing export income volatility and allowing for a smoother consumption path …

We conduct a comprehensive analysis of unspanned stochastic volatility in commodity markets in general and the crude …-oil market in particular. We present model-free results that strongly suggest the presence of unspanned stochastic volatility in … stochastic volatility. The model features correlations between innovations to futures prices and volatility, quasi …

an increase in the level and volatility of spot prices. We construct a large panel data set which includes commodities …

, and show that it has significant explanatory power for the evolution of macroeconomic volatility. We define "fundamental …" volatility as the volatility that would arise from an economy made entirely of idiosyncratic microeconomic shocks, occurring … different sectors vary over time (in a way we directly measure), while the volatility of those sectors remains constant. We find …

find that policy uncertainty raises stock price volatility and reduces investment and employment in policy …

A widely held view is that openness to international trade leads to higher GDP volatility, as trade increases … important, openness to international trade can lower GDP volatility by reducing exposure to domestic shocks and allowing … question of whether and how international trade affects economic volatility …