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Water Purification Efforts and the Black-White Infant Mortality Gap, 1906-1938

Anderson, D. Mark - 2019

According to Troesken (2004), efforts to purify municipal water supplies at the turn of the 20th century dramatically improved the relative health of blacks. There is, however, little empirical evidence to support the Troesken hypothesis. Using city-level data published by the U.S. Bureau of the...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012858802

Early Life Environment and Racial Inequality in Education and Earnings in the United States

Chay, Kenneth Y. - 2014

Chay, Guryan and Mazumder (2009) found substantial racial convergence in AFQT and NAEP scores across cohorts born in the 1960's and early 1970's that was concentrated among blacks in the South. We demonstrated a close tracking between variation in the test score convergence across states and...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013046176

Racial bias in bail decisions

Arnold, David; Dobbie, Will; Yang, Crystal - 2017

This paper develops a new test for identifying racial bias in the context of bail decisions – a high-stakes setting with large disparities between white and black defendants. We motivate our analysis using Becker's (1957) model of racial bias, which predicts that rates of pre-trial misconduct...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011685451

Race and Economic Well-Being in the United States

Brouillette, Jean-Felix; Jones, Charles I.; Klenow, Peter - 2022

We construct a measure of consumption-equivalent welfare for Black and White Americans. Our statistic incorporates life expectancy, consumption, leisure, and inequality, with mortality rates playing a key role quantitatively. According to our estimates, welfare for Black Americans was 43% of...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013311889

Choosing Racial Identity in the United States, 1880-1940

Dahis, Ricardo; Nix, Emily; Qian, Nancy - 2022

This paper documents that a large number of African American men experienced a change in racial identity to white during 1880 to 1940, while analogous changes were negligible for other races. We provide descriptive evidence that is consistent with the conventional wisdom that “passing” for...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014243372

Aggregate Advertising Expenditure in the U.S. Economy : What's Up? Is it Real?

Silk, Alvin J.; Berndt, Ernst R. - 2022

The two components of the advertising industry – the creative sector that develops and produces messages, and the … communications technologies. As the media composition of advertising has changed in the last century for both local and national … advertising – from newspapers, outdoor and radio advertising to network and cable television, and most recently to internet and …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014240737

Improving the Targeting of Treatment : Evidence from College Remediation

Scott Clayton, Judith - 2012

At an annual cost of roughly $7 billion nationally, remedial coursework is one of the single largest interventions intended to improve outcomes for underprepared college students. But like a costly medical treatment with non-trivial side effects, the value of remediation overall depends upon...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013099412

Decentralization and Efficiency of Subsidy Targeting : Evidence from Chiefs in Rural Malawi

Basurto, Pia - 2017

Developing countries spend vast sums on subsidies. Beneficiaries are typically selected via either a proxy-means test (PMT) or through a decentralized identification process led by local leaders. A decentralized allocation may offer informational or accountability advantages, but may be prone to...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012956926

Ordeal Mechanisms in Targeting : Theory and Evidence from a Field Experiment in Indonesia

Alatas, Vivi - 2015

Economic theory suggests that, when designing aid programs, ordeal mechanisms that impose differential costs for rich and poor can induce self-selection and hence improve targeting ("self-targeting"). We first re-examine this theory and show that ordeal mechanisms may actually have theoretically...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013035427

Targeting Ultra-Poor Households in Honduras and Peru

Karlan, Dean S. - 2014

For policy purposes, it is important to understand the relative efficacy of various methods to target the poor. Recently, participatory methods have received particular attention. We examine the effectiveness of a hybrid two-step process that combines a participatory wealth ranking and a...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013062173

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