Educational Longitudinal Survey respondents. For females, adolescent drinking and adult wages are unrelated, and negative …

women's spending on beauty-enhancing goods and services. We find that beauty raises women's earnings (and to a lesser extent …

women's relative wage increased, particularly during the period of liberalization. Both between and within-industry shifts … tariffs (U.S. tariffs on Mexican goods) and hiring of women in skilled blue-collar occupations. Finally, we find suggestive … evidence that household bargaining power shifted in favor of women. Expenditures shifted from goods associated with male …

natives have expressed concern that immigrants fail to integrate into US society and lower wages for existing workers. This …

licensing is associated with about 14 percent higher wages, but the effect of governmental certification on pay is much smaller … positively associated with wages. We find little association between licensing and the variance of wages, in contrast to unions …

second moments of the joint distribution over individual wages, consumption and hours …

demand and wages of most U.S. native workers …