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Milanović, Branko; Lindert, Peter H.; Williamson, … - 2022

Is inequality largely the result of the Industrial Revolution? Or, were pre-industrial incomes and life expectancies as … inequality for 14 ancient, pre-industrial societies using what are known as social tables, stretching from the Roman Empire 14 AD … applies two new concepts in making those assessments -- what we call the inequality possibility frontier and the inequality …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014223115

Second Thoughts on the European Escape from Hunger : Famines, Price Elasticities, Entitlements, Chronic Malnutrition, and Mortality Rates

Fogel, Robert William - 2022

The six principal findings of this paper are as follows: (1) crisis mortality accounted for less than 5 percent of total mortality in England prior to 1800 and the elimination of crisis mortality accounted for just 15 percent of the decline in total mortality between the eighteenth and...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014158878

Dimensions and Determinants of Early Childhood Health and Mortality Among American Slaves

Steckel, Richard H. - 2022

This paper relies on birth and death lists from plantation records to investigate the causes of low birth weight and poor health of young slave children. The sources of deprivation can be traced to the fetal period. The slave work routine was arduous overall and particularily intense during...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014106279

Healthy Business? Managerial Education and Management in Healthcare

Bloom, Nicholas - 2017

We investigate the link between hospital performance and managerial education by collecting a large database of management practices and skills in hospitals across nine countries. We find that hospitals that are closer to universities offering both medical education and business education have...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012946489

Smoking, Health Capital, and Longevity : Evaluation of Personalized Cessation Treatments in a Lifecycle Model with Heterogeneous Agents

Chen, Li-Shiun - 2017

Cigarette smoking leads to large healthcare and morbidity costs, and mortality losses, and smoking cessation plays a key role in reducing health risk and economic costs. While medical evidence suggests that some smokers are more likely to respond to medication treatment than others depending on...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012947646

Ethnic Differences in Demographic Behavior in the United States : What Can We Learn from Vital Statistics About Inequality?

Haines, Michael R. - 2017

social safety net are the likely origins of this outcome. This is a clear indication of relative inequality, as the black …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012947660

Even the Representative Agent Must Die : Using Demographics to Inform Long-Term Social Discount Rates

Fenichel, Eli P. - 2017

We develop a demographically-based approach for estimating the utility discount rate (UDR) portion of the Ramsey rule. We show how age-specific mortality rates and life expectancies imply a natural UDR for individuals at each age in a population, and these can be aggregated into a...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012951868

The Methuselah Effect : The Pernicious Impact of Unreported Deaths on Old Age Mortality Estimates

Black, Dan A. - 2017

We examine inferences about old age mortality that arise when researchers use survey data matched to death records. We show that even small rates of failure to match respondents can lead to substantial bias in the measurement of mortality rates at older ages. This type of measurement error is...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012951887

Long-Run Pollution Exposure and Adult Mortality : Evidence from the Acid Rain Program

Barreca, Alan I. - 2017

Though over 90 percent of benefits from environmental quality improvements are attributed to long-term exposure, nearly all quasi-experimental evidence on the effects of pollution on health exploits changes in short-term exposure. Quantifying long-run exposure impacts requires a lasting,...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012953978

Mortality Inequality in Canada and the U.S : Divergent or Convergent Trends?

Baker, Michael - 2017

Mortality is a crucial indicator of wellbeing and recent mortality trends have been a subject of public debate in many … Western countries. This paper compares mortality inequality in Canada and the U.S. over the period 1990/91 through 2010/11. In … Canada, mortality inequality remained constant among the youngest, but increased for men over 24 and for women over 14. In …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012953997