marriage, while increasing the probability of never having married. In general, for less advantaged teens, motherhood appears … surprisingly little evidence that births affected teens conceiving pre- and post-marriage differently …

children live with a never-married mother. Children of never-married mothers are more likely to drop out of high school, repeat … may be driven by other factors that affect marital status at birth, post-conception marriage decisions, and later child … outcomes, rather than causal effects of family structure. Given that changes in the availability of men in the marriage market …

We explore several problems in drawing causal inferences from cross-sectional relationships between marriage …, motherhood, and wages. We find that heterogeneity leads to biased estimates of the quot;directquot; effects of marriage and … motherhood on wages (i.e., effects net of experience and tenure); first-difference estimates reveal no direct effect of marriage …

This paper studies the effect of mothers' education on fertility in a population with very low female labor force … convergence in fertility and schooling, changes in labor-force participation, age upon marriage, marriage and divorce rates, and …

children born to less educated and minority mothers are more likely to be exposed to pollution in utero and that white, college … educated mothers are particularly responsive to changes in environmental amenities. I estimate that differences in exposure to … toxic releases may explain 6% of the gap in incidence of low birth weight between infants of white college educated mothers …

found smaller or even negligible effects from childbearing for high-skill women, but we find the opposite. Wage trajectories …

benefits. If income is protective of health, we should see improvements over time in the health for mothers eligible for the … Surveillance Survey, we find in difference-in-difference models that for low-educated mothers of two or more children, the number … of days with poor mental health and the fraction reporting excellent or very good health improved relative to the mothers …

We show that close geographical proximity to mothers or mothers-in-law has a substantial positive effect on the labor … for married women with young children living in close proximity to their mothers or their mothers-in-law compared with …