direct plus indirect effect of services trade costs on intra-provincial, inter-provincial and international trade relative to …

that geography's effects on development occurred exclusively through its effects on this historical institutional … in the natural resource base and physical geography (e.g. distance to coast), and by the amplification of those …, technology, and geography, and that none of these alone is sufficient to account for the diverse patterns of global growth. We …

There is controversy about whether geography matters mainly because of its contemporaneous impact on economic outcomes …

We study the relationship between geography and growth. To do so, we first develop a dynamic spatial growth theory with … realistic geography. We characterize the model and its balanced growth path and propose a methodology to analyze equilibria with …

This paper examines the importance of buyer-supplier relationships, geography and the structure of the production … locations. Low search and outsourcing costs lead firms to search more and find better suppliers. This in turn drives down the … firm's marginal production costs. We test the theory by exploiting the opening of a high-speed (Shinkansen) train line in …

and income growth, through their effects on transport costs, disease burdens, and agricultural productivity, among other … large transport costs for international trade, as well as populations in tropical regions of high disease burden …This paper addresses the complex relationship between geography and macroeconomic growth. We investigate the ways in …