) students in a particular elementary grade and language is twenty or higher. Using school panel data, we find a significant … significantly impact the standardized test scores of students with Spanish as their home language (comprised primarily of ever …

any, differentiate teachers with high impact on student achievement in middle school English Language Arts from those with …

language in visual art was dominated by conceptual artists, and the increasing role of language over time was symptomatic of … intellectual activity, to be read. The prominence of language is yet another way in which the visual art of the twentieth century …

century. Since kinship rules varied by caste, language, religion and region, we construct sex-ratios by these categories at …

, partly in response to policies. Our results suggest that more segregated countries in terms of ethnicity and language, i …

by establishing trade policies that promoted trade within empires. In particular, the use of a common language, the …

. Language acquisition is an important element in immigrant/native earnings convergence, but most of this convergence is … explained by factors other than language acquisition. These results are confirmed using panel data on wages and knowledge of … with past evidence on language-skill complementarity. Natives and immigrants with high levels of education benefit …