Public-private partnerships (PPPs) are increasingly used to provide infrastructure services. Even though PPPs have the …

Public-private partnerships (PPPs) have emerged as a new organizational form to provide public infrastructure over the … spending. At the same time, PPPs can lead to important efficiency gains, especially for transportation infrastructure. These … infrastructure. The governance can be improved by the use of contracts with appropriate risk allocation and by avoiding opportunistic …

This paper summarizes economic research on investment in public infrastructure and introduces the findings of several … in building, financing, and operating infrastructure, including limitations of private capital markets, externalities …, and the control of natural monopolies. It then describes the conditions that characterize an optimal infrastructure …