Evidence on the "funding gap" for investment innovation is surveyed. The focus is on financial market reasons for …

This paper compares the role innovation plays in productivity across the four European countries France, Germany, Spain … and the UK using firm-level data from the internationally harmonized Community Innovation Surveys (CIS3). Despite a … still rare. We apply a structural model that describes the link between Ramp;D expenditure, innovation output and …

-term performance. We investigate 495 transactions with a focus on one form of long-term activities, namely investments in innovation as …

The history of innovation in the chemical industry offers many insights for accelerating energy innovation. In this … chapter, we begin by laying out the early history of the chemical industry for an overview of the role innovation has played … coal to oil, and briefly analyze two government programs that have attempted to promote innovation: synthetic rubber and …

lead to the innovation sought, others result in dead ends. Because firms benefit from their competitors working in the …

Rewarding inventors with inefficient monopoly power has long been regarded as the price of encouraging innovation …, while simultaneously encouraging dynamic investments in innovation. As a result of this feature, the public provision of … at least $2.8 billion of annual value from extra innovation. These two components alone cover 87% of the social cost of …