We present a conceptual framework linking cultural heterogeneity to inter-group conflict. When conflict is about … control of public goods, more heterogeneous groups are expected to fight more with each other. In contrast, when conflict is … about rival goods, more similar groups are more likely to engage in war with each other. We formalize these ideas within an …

fight and endure war, the government elites began to provide public goods, reduced rent extraction and adopted policies to …

We consider three questions related to the choice between war in Iraq and a continuation of the pre-war containment … war more or less costly for the United States than containment? Second, compared to war and forcible regime change, would … a continuation of the containment policy have saved Iraqi lives? Third, is war likely to bring about an improvement or …

This paper argues that before World War II the desire to maintain a trustworthy reputation for honoring war debts was … honoring in full of war debts following World War II. The discussion focuses on differences in economic and political … conditions after World War II, especially the extension of the voting franchise, the increased economic and political power of …

This paper attempts to provide a more complete reckoning of the costs of the Iraq War, using standard economic and … underestimate the War's true costs. We estimate a range of present and future costs, by including expenditures not in the $500bn CBO … the war on the overall performance of the economy. Even taking a conservative approach and assuming all US troops return …

We investigate the long-run effects of cooling on conflict. We construct a geo-referenced and digitized database of … that cooling is associated with increased conflict. When we allow the effects of cooling over a fifty-year period to depend … on the extent of cooling during the preceding period, the effect of cooling on conflict is larger in locations that …

the implications of the war costs themselves. Besides the unanticipated length and breadth of the military conflicts … motivations associated with war cost forecasts by comparing them with other types of aggregate forecasts, which are prone to … similar types of errors. The history of war cost forecasts suggests that increasing their frequency and transparency may …

This paper reviews the economics approach to conflict and national borders. The paper provides a summary of ideas and … populations engage in conflict over borders and resources, and may form non-aggression pacts, military alliances, and political …

study grandsons born to grandfathers who served in the Union Army during the US Civil War (1861-5) where some grandfathers …