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Intellectual Property Rights and Access to Innovation : Evidence from Trips
Kyle, Margaret - 2015
countries from 2000-2013. The World Trade Organization required its member countries to implement a minimum level of patent … protection within a specified time period as part of the TRIPS Agreement. However, members retained the right to impose price … product level, selection into TRIPS "treatment" is exogenously determined by compliance deadlines that vary across countries …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013031206
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Intellectual Property Rights, the Pool of Knowledge, and Innovation
Stiglitz, Joseph E. - 2014
The pace of innovation is related both to the level of investment in innovation and the pool of knowledge from which … innovators can draw. Both of these are endogenous: Investments in innovations are affected by the pool of knowledge and the …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013056191
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Do Formal Intellectual Property Rights Hinder the Free Flow of Scientific Knowledge? An Empirical Test of the Anti-Commons Hypothesis
Stern, Scott; Murray, Fiona - 2021
While the potential for intellectual property rights to inhibit the diffusion of scientific knowledge is at the heart … issue in this debate is how intellectual property rights over a given piece of knowledge affects the propensity of future … researchers to build upon that knowledge in their own scientific research activities. This article frames this debate around the …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013230611
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Trade and Environment Beyond Singapore
Whalley, John - 2021
This paper discusses the likely evolution of the trade and environment issue in the World Trade Organization after the … upcoming ministerial meeting in Singapore this December. It makes a number of points. Progress within the GATT/WTO on this … paper also argues that despite (and beyond) Singapore, one has to go further than the GATT/WTO to see the potential …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013234937
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Enforcing Intellectual Property Rights
Lanjouw, Jean O.; Schankerman, Mark A. - 2021
We study the determinants of patent suits and their outcomes over the period 1978-1999 by linking detailed information from the U.S. patent office, the federal court system, and industry sources. The probability of being involved in a suit is very heterogeneous, being much higher for valuable...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013245302
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Free Trade Agreements as Protectionist Devices : Rules of Origin
Krueger, Anne O. - 2011
In this paper it is argued that there is an important protectionist bias inherent in free trade agreements which is not present in custom unions. In any customs union or free trade agreement, one of the critical issues concerns "rules of origin." In a free trade agreement rules of origin have an...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013124656
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Market Access and Welfare Effects of Free Trade Areas Without Rules of Origin
Ju, Jiandong; Krishna, Kala - 2021
The market access and welfare effects of Free Trade Areas (FTAs) without Rules of Origin (ROOs) are studied. We consider both the final and intermediate goods markets and their interlinkage. The FTA weakly reduces all tariffs and prices within the FTA. This raises quantity demanded and reduces...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013222234
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Implementing Free Trade Areas : Rules of Origin and Hidden Protection
Krishna, Kala; Krueger, Anne O. - 2021
This paper focuses on the effects of rules of origin in Free Trade Areas. We first point out that even rules of origin which are not restrictive, namely those which do not raise costs of production, have very pronounced effects on trade and investment flows. We then look at some different ways...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013247266
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Firm Behavior and Market Access in a Free Trade Area with Rules of Origin
Ju, Jiandong; Krishna, Kala - 2021
We develop a model to study the behavior of firms in a Free Trade Area with Rules of Origin and the consequences of this behavior on the market equilibrium and outcome. We show that firms will choose to specialize, and that an FTA with strict ROOs on the intermediate good raises imports and...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013211644
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Anti-Competitive and Rent-Shifting Aspects of Domestic-Content Provisions in Regional Trade Blocks
Lopez de Silanes, Florencio; Markusen, James R.; … - 2021
Regional trade agreements must specify domestic-content rules (rules of origin) that define the conditions under which a good qualifies as 'domestic' and so may be freely traded within the block. The paper analyzes such rules, focussing in particular on oligopolistic industries in which foreign...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013230380