How large are spatial barriers to transferring knowledge? We analyze the international operations of multinational … firms to answer this fundamental question. In our model firms can transfer bits of knowledge to their foreign affiliates in … either embodied (traded intermediates) or disembodied form (direct communication). Knowledge transfer costs interact with the …

Commercializing knowledge involves transfer from discovering scientists to those who will develop it commercially. New … opportunities if high. Hence new knowledge remains naturally excludable and appropriable. Team production allows more knowledge … capture of tacit, complex discoveries by firm scientists. A robust indicator of a firm's tacit knowledge capture (and strong …

The rate of regional growth of new knowledge in the field of nanotechnology, as measured by counts of articles and … stocks of recorded knowledge in all scientific fields, and the extent to which tacit knowledge in all fields flows between … patenting. The data provide further support for the cumulative advantage model of knowledge production, and for ongoing efforts …

technological information. FDI is an alternate, potentially equally important channel for the mediation of such knowledge spillovers …. I introduce a framework for measuring international knowledge spillovers at the firm level, and I use this framework to … directly test the hypothesis that FDI is a channel of knowledge spillovers for Japanese multinationals undertaking direct …

. Using survey-based measures of the dimensions of knowledge flows, we identify sources of systematic measurement error … and direction of measurement error bias suggests that measuring knowledge flows with patent citations can lead to …This paper assesses the validity and accuracy of firms' backward patent citations as a measure of knowledge flows from …

the proximities among firms in knowledge space. Researchers could measure proximity among firms with a variety of measures …

While the cumulative nature of knowledge is recognized as central to economic growth, the microeconomic foundations of … and knowledge of high intrinsic quality. Second, an institution may have a marginal impact -- an incremental influence on … cumulativeness, conditional on the type and quality of knowledge considered. This paper distinguishes these effects in the context of …

university scientists in which valuable tacit knowledge is transferred in both directions. We provide suggestive evidence that …-tech firms have adopted a strategy of operating near the edge of the scientific envelope where high levels of tacit knowledge …