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Estimating the Value of a Statistical Life : The Importance of Omitted Variables and Publication Bias

Ashenfelter, Orley - 2011

In this paper we show that omitted variables and publication bias lead to severely biased estimates of the value of a …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013132340

Using Mandated Speed Limits to Measure the Value of a Statistical Life

Ashenfelter, Orley; Greenstone, Michael - 2021

In 1987 the federal government permitted states to raise the speed limit on their rural interstate roads, but not on their urban interstate roads, from 55 mph to 65 mph for the first time in over a decade. Since the states that adopted the higher speed limit must have valued the travel hours...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013229049

Sample Selection Bias as a Specification Error (with an Application to the Estimation of Labor Supply Functions)

Heckman, James J. - 2021

In this paper, I present a simple characterization of the sample selection bias problem that is also applicable to the … problem of sample selection bias is fit within the conventional specification error framework of Griliches and Theil. A simple … estimator is discussed that enables analysts to utilize ordinary regression methods to estimate models free of selection bias …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013222664

Sources of U.S. Longevity Increase, 1960-1997

Lichtenberg, Frank R. - 2021

Between 1960 and 1997, life expectancy at birth of Americans increased approximately 10% - from 69.7 to 76.5 years - and it has been estimated that the value of life extension during this period nearly equaled the gains in tangible consumption. We investigate whether an aggregate health...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013224922

From Home to Hospital : The Evolution of Childbirth in the United States, 1927-1940

Thomasson, Melissa A.; Treber, Jaret - 2021

This paper examines the shift in childbirth from home to hospital that occurred in the United States in the early twentieth century. Using a panel of city-level data over the period 1927-1940, we examine the shift of childbirth from home to hospital and analyze the impact of medical care on...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013239384

The Measurement and Evolution of Health Inequality : Evidence from the U.S. Medicare Population

Skinner, Jonathan S.; Zhou, Weiping - 2021

Has U.S. health care for the elderly become more equitable during the past several decades? When inequality is measured by Medicare expenditures, the answer is yes. During 1987-2001, low income households experienced an increase of 78 percent ($2624) in per capita expenditures, double the...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013247023

Area Differences in Utilization of Medical Care and Mortality Among U.S. Elderly

Fuchs, Victor R.; McClellan, Mark B.; Skinner, Jonathan - 2021

This paper examines 313 U.S. areas for differences in medical care utilization and mortality of whites ages 65-84 in 1990. The variables included in the analysis are education, real income, cigarette sales, obesity, air pollution, percent black, and dummy variables for seven regions and five...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013249539

Is the Cure Worse than the Disease? County-Level Evidence from the Covid-19 Pandemic in the United States

Amuedo Dorantes, Catalina - 2020

Using county-level data on COVID-19 mortality and infections, along with county-level information on the adoption of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) in the United States, we examine how the speed of NPI adoption affected COVID-19 mortality. Our estimates suggest that advancing the date...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012824276

Iatrogenic Specification Error : A Cautionary Tale of Cleaning Data

Bollinger, Christopher R.; Chandra, Amitabh - 2021

winsorizing may induce or exacerbate bias. We term this source of bias Iatrogenic' (or econometrician induced) error. The …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013232932

The Methuselah Effect : The Pernicious Impact of Unreported Deaths on Old Age Mortality Estimates

Black, Dan A. - 2017

show that even small rates of failure to match respondents can lead to substantial bias in the measurement of mortality …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012951887